Epigenetics is the study of changes in gene activity which is not caused by changes in the DNA sequence. DNA is what gives us our identity. It makes us unique from all the other people. We inherit it from our parents. Thus relatives have DNA that is similar in some ways. The article below points outs of genetics.
In both plants and animals, it is not advisable to cross-breed related ones. This is because it may bring complications despite both parents being in good health. This is usually because the DNA is very similar. The result of relatives coming together is usually offspring that have some defective characteristics thus closely related organisms should be separated.
There is a condition in which organism mutate and form a completely new strand of DNA. It is known as Mosaicism. For example, an embryo may mutate when it only has 8-16 cells. In twins, the two embryos may interact with each other before separating and coming up with completely new DNA strands. Such an organism has patches of different DNA and is known as a chimera.
Proteins are coded in 3 base layers in DNA. After copying of the DNA, there is the mechanism of proof-reading that confirms the copy is the same as the original. Mistakes can be made in the proof reading although they are rare. For example, in Haringtons disease, there is the duplication of CAG. As the mistakes accumulate with each generation, the disease is worse from parent to child.
Many are times when a virus invades the body; it goes on to the cell. When it is integrated, a mutation may occur thus deactivating the virus. The virus, however, remains in the genome and replicates every time the cell is copied. If it is copied into a sperm or ovum cell, then the cells of the embryo will all have the virus thus building an incorporated virus over tome.
Ever heard of jumping genes? These are genes that can cut off the strand, and the strand would still function. They, however, have very visible effects. They may cut themselves off and attach themselves again. For example, you may have seen maize that has different colors on the seeds. This is as a result of the genes hopping in and out and may pose a great danger of disease.
All living things on the face of the earth have a similar DNA structure. These are usually four bases. This is an implication of one of two things. All living things have a common ancestry, or these four bases are the only way that stable DNA can be formed. A slightly altered base structure was fed into cells which were incorporated as DNA. This means that our first ancestor decided on the base structure of our DNA.
There is the possibility of three-parent babies. This may be really confusing, but it does not involve three individuals. A person gets half their chromosomes from their father and the half from their mother. The mitochondria, however, are all from their mother. If they have mutated, they may bring a problem and this may be solved by putting the nucleus into a none fertilized egg.
In both plants and animals, it is not advisable to cross-breed related ones. This is because it may bring complications despite both parents being in good health. This is usually because the DNA is very similar. The result of relatives coming together is usually offspring that have some defective characteristics thus closely related organisms should be separated.
There is a condition in which organism mutate and form a completely new strand of DNA. It is known as Mosaicism. For example, an embryo may mutate when it only has 8-16 cells. In twins, the two embryos may interact with each other before separating and coming up with completely new DNA strands. Such an organism has patches of different DNA and is known as a chimera.
Proteins are coded in 3 base layers in DNA. After copying of the DNA, there is the mechanism of proof-reading that confirms the copy is the same as the original. Mistakes can be made in the proof reading although they are rare. For example, in Haringtons disease, there is the duplication of CAG. As the mistakes accumulate with each generation, the disease is worse from parent to child.
Many are times when a virus invades the body; it goes on to the cell. When it is integrated, a mutation may occur thus deactivating the virus. The virus, however, remains in the genome and replicates every time the cell is copied. If it is copied into a sperm or ovum cell, then the cells of the embryo will all have the virus thus building an incorporated virus over tome.
Ever heard of jumping genes? These are genes that can cut off the strand, and the strand would still function. They, however, have very visible effects. They may cut themselves off and attach themselves again. For example, you may have seen maize that has different colors on the seeds. This is as a result of the genes hopping in and out and may pose a great danger of disease.
All living things on the face of the earth have a similar DNA structure. These are usually four bases. This is an implication of one of two things. All living things have a common ancestry, or these four bases are the only way that stable DNA can be formed. A slightly altered base structure was fed into cells which were incorporated as DNA. This means that our first ancestor decided on the base structure of our DNA.
There is the possibility of three-parent babies. This may be really confusing, but it does not involve three individuals. A person gets half their chromosomes from their father and the half from their mother. The mitochondria, however, are all from their mother. If they have mutated, they may bring a problem and this may be solved by putting the nucleus into a none fertilized egg.
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